the anguished manI take great license in expressing the verse this way, but not to confuse translations or the meaning of words, but to emphasize something the Spirit of the living God stirred up in me when I read this yesterday.
man of great debt
the bitter creature
gathered to the head
four hundred men
David was finally fleeing from Saul in a direct way. Not simply avoiding the spears and attempts upon his life as before, but willfully leaving the authority of the king, leaving the assembly of God's people to go it alone in faith.
He headed out to the 'cave of Adullam', which perhaps was a fortified bandits hideout. This is a likely case but there is no particular archaeological evidence supporting the exact cave, or the disposition of this hideout. Irregardless, this location is outside of the authority established for God's people, in defiance of the king and the established rule.
Even before this, at the very beginning of the flight, David deceives the priests and eats of the bread, the holy bread of presence set apart for God and sacred. Yet it was of God, and David was filled with the Spirit of God. Outwardly ostracized, a rebel and defiant commander in the army. AWOL and traitorous in the eyes of the king.
Yet to this man, in a bandits cave, with little apparent hope of survival, men were drawn. Anguished men, men of great debt who were unable to pay, even men of a bitter life, disturbed and restless. The gather to him, the head, the chief, a captain and sheppard to them.
Where did they get this hope? This desire and drive to serve David? From the natural perspective it seems that rebels will band together, defiant ones, joined to oppose forces that they perceive as oppression. But this is David, a hero, a humble man who considered not his own position, but fought without fear against Israels enemies. A military man, disciplined and organized. A common man, tending to the flocks of his father.
This is not the type of man rebels would be drawn to. Perhaps it was just opportunity that led them to David. Fed up with life's circumstance, with no apparent hope, the saw something in the opportunity to serve David. That may be, but I think it goes deeper, to the heart of man, where the Spirit of the Lord lays bare the purposes of life. It seems that they could see redemption, purpose, even the call of God in serving David. And perhaps they were drawn to him, not just as a band of warriors, but as a family of the living God.
For it is this sheppard, a common man who was cast away, who had the indwelling Spirit, a heart after the Father's own purpose. This man became a sheppard of men, leading them, guiding them, ministering to their needs in love. These men came not to run away from life, but to find life. Not to avoid pain and suffering, but to find redemption and healing. They became something new, no longer a band of disgruntled, anguished, irresponsible failures, but a victorious company.
Amazing love, what more can I say...